📖 Chapter 6 of 9 · AI For New Learner Advance 2 (Multi Indian Language) · Class 8
Chapter 6: AI That Must Be Trusted — Ethics & Law
In this chapter
- Misha investigates: where does your data really go?
- DPDP Act 2023 — India’s data protection law explained.
- DigiYatra and face recognition at airports — boon or risk?
- AI Bill of Rights: what every citizen should demand.
- When AI gets it wrong — and who pays the price.
The Big Idea
AI is becoming more powerful every month. Without rules, it can hurt people — leak your data, deny you a loan unfairly, spread fake news. In 2023, India passed the DPDP Act. Around the world, governments are racing to make AI rules. As a citizen of new India, YOU must understand your rights — and your responsibilities. AI must be powerful AND trustworthy.
Did you know?
India’s DPDP Act 2023 can fine companies up to Rs 250 crore for mishandling your data. It is one of the strongest data protection laws in the world. Every Indian citizen now has ‘Data Rights’.
Story 1: Misha the Young Journalist
From: Guwahati, Assam · Misha, age 13
Misha runs the school newspaper. Last term, she heard her Ma complain — “I just searched for a kurta online and now every app is showing me kurtas!” Misha thought: how does that happen?
She investigated. She read about the DPDP Act 2023. She learnt that apps share data with ad companies, sometimes secretly. The DPDP Act gives every Indian rights: to know what is collected, to delete it, to say no. Most people don’t know.
Misha wrote a school-paper exposé: “4 Ways Your Phone Spies On You — And How to Stop It.” It went viral in school. Even her Principal asked for a copy. Misha realised journalism + AI knowledge = power for citizens. She decided: she wants to be India’s first AI policy reporter when she grows up.
India’s AI trust toolkit
Laws, rights, and tough questions.
📁 CASE FILE DPDP Act 2023 — Your Data, Your Rights
Passed: By Indian Parliament in August 2023.
Right to know: What data companies collect about you.
Right to delete: Your data when you want.
Right to correct: Wrong information.
Consent: Companies must ASK before collecting personal data.
Penalty: Fines up to Rs 250 crore for breaking the rules.
📁 CASE FILE DigiYatra — Face at the Airport
Launched: 2022 at Delhi, Bengaluru airports.
How: Walk through the airport using your FACE instead of a boarding pass.
Good: Faster, paperless, fewer queues.
Risk: It stores your face in a database. Privacy groups warn: faces cannot be ‘changed’ if stolen.
Advice: Should YOU use it? Read the rules first.
⚖ DEBATE IT! Face Recognition at School?
Your school is considering face attendance instead of roll call. No more ‘present sir’ delays.
YES — it is brilliant
Saves time, no fake attendance, parents instantly know if you came.
NO — too risky
Your face data is FOREVER. If hacked, you can’t change your face like a password.
When AI gets it wrong
Real stories where AI failed — and what we must learn.
- Amazon’s Hiring AI — Amazon built an AI to screen job applications. It learned from 10 years of past hires, who were mostly men. So the AI started rejecting women’s resumes. Amazon scrapped it. Lesson: biased DATA gives biased AI.
- Tesla Autopilot Crashes — Some Tesla cars on autopilot mistook a white truck for the sky. Crashes happened, lives lost. Lesson: AI is not 100% safe. Humans must stay alert even when AI is driving.
- ChatGPT ‘Hallucinations’ — AI chatbots sometimes confidently give WRONG answers — including fake legal cases and made-up history. Lesson: NEVER submit AI work without checking facts yourself.
- Indian Loan-AI Bias — Some Indian banks used AI to decide loans. It rejected people from certain pin codes — entire neighbourhoods denied. RBI now requires AI loan decisions to be explainable. Lesson: AI must be FAIR and TRANSPARENT.
💻 BEHIND THE CODE How To Tell If an AI Decision Is Fair
ASK: What data was the AI trained on? ASK: Is the training data REPRESENTATIVE of all groups? ASK: Can the AI EXPLAIN its decision? ASK: Did a human check the decision? ASK: Can you APPEAL the decision? IF answer to any is NO: do not trust the AI
Solved illustrations
Your rights and responsibilities in the AI age
1. What is the DPDP Act 2023?
Show answer
Answer: Digital Personal Data Protection Act passed by Indian Parliament in 2023. It gives every Indian citizen rights over their personal data: right to know, delete, correct, and refuse data collection. Companies that break it can be fined up to Rs 250 crore.
2. Is DigiYatra safe to use?
Show answer
Answer: It is convenient but you must understand the trade-off: your face goes into a database. If hacked, you cannot change your face. Read the privacy policy, use only if comfortable, and check that your data is stored on YOUR phone (not on a server). It is your choice.
3. Why was Amazon’s hiring AI a failure?
Show answer
Answer: It was trained on past hiring data — which was biased toward men. So the AI learned ‘engineers = men’ and started rejecting women’s CVs. The fault was not in the AI but in the DATA. Garbage in, garbage out.
4. What is an AI ‘hallucination’?
Show answer
Answer: When an AI chatbot confidently gives a WRONG answer — invented facts, fake quotes, made-up cases. It happens because chatbots predict ‘likely next words’ without actually KNOWING what is true. Always verify AI claims with a second source.
5. What are MY responsibilities when using AI?
Show answer
Answer: Be HONEST: don’t pass AI work as your own. Be CRITICAL: don’t trust AI blindly. Be PRIVATE: protect passwords and personal data. Be RESPECTFUL: don’t use AI to spread fakes or hurt others. Be CURIOUS: ask how every AI you use works.
Questions — Chapter 6
AI ethics and policy check
A. Fill in the blanks
- India’s data protection law passed in 2023 is called the Act.
- Maximum fine under the DPDP Act is Rs crore.
- When an AI confidently gives a wrong answer, it is called a .
- DigiYatra uses your instead of a boarding pass.
- The big lesson of Amazon’s hiring AI: garbage in, out.
B. Long answers
- List any 3 rights you have under the DPDP Act 2023.
- Should schools use face-recognition attendance? Argue both sides.
- What is an AI ‘hallucination’ and how should you handle one?
- List your 5 responsibilities as an AI user (in your words).
- Tell the story of any one AI failure and explain what we learnt.
Brain Buster
Read your favourite app’s Privacy Policy. Find 3 things you didn’t know. Share with class!
Check your understanding — Chapter 6
Tap an answer to check it instantly. These are for practice — nothing is saved or sent.
Q1. What is the DPDP Act 2023?
- A tax law
- India's Digital Personal Data Protection Act, giving citizens rights over their data with fines up to Rs 250 crore
- A road-safety rule
Show answer
B. India's Digital Personal Data Protection Act, giving citizens rights over their data with fines up to Rs 250 crore
Q2. Why was Amazon's hiring AI a failure?
- It was too slow
- It was trained on biased past data (mostly men), so it learned to reject women's resumes
- The computers broke
Show answer
B. It was trained on biased past data (mostly men), so it learned to reject women's resumes
Q3. What is an AI 'hallucination'?
- A pretty picture
- When an AI confidently gives a wrong or made-up answer — invented facts, fake quotes
- A computer virus
Show answer
B. When an AI confidently gives a wrong or made-up answer — invented facts, fake quotes
Q4. Before trusting an important AI decision, you should ask —
- Is it fast?
- Was the data representative, can the AI explain itself, did a human check it, and can you appeal?
- Is it made in India?
Show answer
B. Was the data representative, can the AI explain itself, did a human check it, and can you appeal?